Diagram to illustrate the quincuncial aestivation, in which the parts of the flower are arranged in a spiral cycle, so that I and 2 are wholly external, 4 and 5 are internal, and 3 is partly external and partly flower delivery pineville nc by 1. calyx of some species of clematis and of some herbaceous plants, flower delivery pineville nc rolled up at the edges involute or revolute, or folded transversely, becoming crumpled or corrugated, as in the the parts of a whorl are placed in an exact circle, and are applied to each other by their edges only, without overlapping or being folded, thus resembling the valves of a seed-vessel, the aestivation is valvate fig.

The edges of each of the parts may be turned either inwards or outwards; in the former case the aestivation is induplicate fig. When the parts of a tacoma general hospital flower delivery whorl are placed in a circle, each of them exhibiting a torsion of its axis, so that by flower delivery pineville nc of its sides it overlaps its neighbour, whilst its side is overlapped in like manner by that standing next to it, the aestivation is twisted or contorted fig.

This arrangement is characteristic of the flower-buds of Malvaceae and Apocynaceae, and it is also seen in Convolvulaceae and the flower expands, the traces of twisting often disappear, but sometimes, as in Apocynaceae, they forms of aestivation are such as occur in cyclic flowers, and they are included under circular in spiral flowers we have a different arrangement; flower delivery pineville nc the leaves of the calyx of Camellia japonica cover each other partially like tiles on a aestivation is other times, as in the petals of Camellia, the parts envelop each other completely, so as to become convolute.

This is also seen in a transverse section of the calyx of Magnolia grandiflora, where each of the three leaves embraces that within it. When the parts of a whorl are five, as occurs in many dicotyledons, and the imbrication is such that there are two parts external, two internal, and a fifth which partially covers one of flower delivery pineville nc internal parts by its margin, and is flower delivery pineville nc its turn partially covered by one of the external parts, the aestivation is flower delivery pineville nc fig.

47 a section is given of the bud of Antirrhinum flower delivery pineville nc, showing the imbricate spiral this case it will be seen that the part marked 5 has, by a slight change in position, become overlapped by 1.

This variety flower delivery pineville nc imbricate aestivation has been termed flowers such as those of the pea fig. 40, one of the parts, the vexillum, is often large and folded over the others, FIG. article carina may perform a similar office, flower delivery pineville nc then the aestivation is carinal, as in the Judas-tree Cercis Siliquastrum.

The parts of the several verticils often differ in their mode of aestivation. Thus, in Malvaceae the corolla is contorted and the calyx valuate, or reduplicate; in St Johns-wort the calyx is imbricate, and the corolla Convolvulaceae, while the corolla is twisted, and has its parts arranged in a circle, the calyx is imbricate, and exhibits a spiral Guazuma the calyx is valvate, and the corolla circular aestivation is generally associated with a regular calyx and corolla, while the spiral aestivations are connected with irregular as well as with regular forms.

The sepals are sometimes free or separate from each other, at other times they are united to a greater or less extent; in the former case, the calyx is polysepalous, in the latter gamosepalous or divisions of the Calyx. calyx present usually the characters of leaves, and in some cases of monstrosity they are converted into leaf-like organs, as not infrequently happens in are usually entire, but occasionally they are cut in various ways, as in the rose; they are rarely are generally of a more or less oval, elliptical or oblong form, with their apices either blunt or their direction they are erect or reflexed with their apices downwards, spreading outwards divergent or patulous, or arched inwards connivent.

They are usually of a greenish colour herbaceous; but sometimes they are coloured or petaloid, as in the fuchsia, tropaeolum, globe-flower and be its colour, the external envelope of the flower is considered as the vascular bundles sometimes form a prominent rib, which indicates the middle of the sepal; at other times they form several venation is useful as pointing out the number of leaves which constitute a gamosepalous a polysepalous calyx the number of the parts is indicated by Greek numerals prefixed; thus, a calyx flower delivery pineville nc has three sepals is trisepalous; one with five sepals is sepals occasionally are of different forms and Aconite one of them is shaped like a helmet galeate.

In a gamosepalous calyx the sepals are united in various ways, sometimes very slightly, and their number is marked by the divisions at the divisions either are simple projections in the form of acute or obtuse teeth fig. 49; or they extend down the calyx as fissures about halfway, FIG.

article - Fruit of Physalis Alkekengi, consisting of the persistent calyx s, surrounding the berry fr, derived from the ovary. the calyx being trifid three-cleft, quinquefid five-cleft, c.according to their number; or they reach to near flower delivery pineville nc base in the form of partitions, the calyx being tripartite, quadripartite, quinquepartite, c.

The union of the parts may be complete, and the calyx may be quite entire or truncate, as in some Correas, the venation being the chief indication of the different cohesion is sometimes irregular, some parts uniting to a greater extent than others; thus a two-lipped or labiate calyx is upper lip is often composed of three parts, which are thus posterior or next the axis, while the lower has two, which are part formed by the union of the flower delivery pineville nc is called the tube of the calyx; the portion where the sepals are free is the limb.

Occasionally, certain parts of the sepals undergo marked the violet the calycine segments are prolonged downwards beyond their insertions, and in the Indian cress Tropaeolum this prolongation is in the form of a spur calcar, formed by three sepals; in Delphinium it is formed by Pelargonium the spur from one of the sepals is adherent to the Potentilla and allied genera an epicalyx is flower delivery pineville nc by the development of stipules from the sepals, which form an apparent outer calyx, the parts of which alternate with the true Malvaceae an epicalyx is formed by the bracteoles.

Degenerations take place in the calyx, so that it becomes dry, scaly and glumaceous like the glumes of grasses, as in the rushes Juncaceae; hairy, as in Compositae; or a mere rim, as in some Umbelliferae and Acanthaceae, and in Madder Rubia tinctorum, fig. 50, when it is called obsolete or Compositae, Dipsacaceae and Valerianaceae the calyx is attached to the pistil, and its flower delivery pineville nc is developed in the form of hairs called pappus fig. This pappus is either simple pilose or feathery plumose.

In Valeriana the superior calyx is at first flower delivery pineville nc obsolete rim, but as the fruit ripens it is shown to consist of hairs rolled inwards, which expand so as to waft the calyx sometimes falls off before the flower expands, as in poppies, and is caducous fig.

52; or along with the corolla, as in Ranunculus, and is deciduous; or it remains after flowering persistent as in Labiatae, Scrophulariaceae, and Boraginaceae; or its base only is persistent, as in Datura Eschscholtzia and Eucalyptus the sepals remain united at the upper part, and become disarticulated at the base or middle, so as to come off in the form of a lid or a calyx is operculate or existence or non-existence of an articulation determines the deciduous or persistent nature of the calyx.

article The receptacle bearing the calyx is sometimes united to the pistil, and enlarges so as to form a part flower delivery pineville nc the fruit, as in the apple, pear, c. In these fruits the withered calyx is seen at the a persistent calyx increases much after flowering, and encloses the fruit without flower delivery pineville nc incorporated with it, becoming accrescent, as in various species of Physalis fig.

53; at other times it remains in a withered or marcescent form, as in Erica; sometimes it becomes inflated or vesicular, as flower delivery pineville nc sea campion Silene maritima.

The corolla is the more or less coloured attractive inner floral envelope; generally the most conspicuous is present in the greater number of differ more from ordinary leaves than sepals do, and are much more nearly allied to the staminal some cases, however, they are transformed into leaves, like the calyx, and occasionally leaf-buds are developed in their are seldom green, although occasionally that colour is met with, as in some species of Cobaea, Hoya viridiflora, Gonolobus viridiflorus and Pentatropis a rule they are highly coloured, the colouring matter being contained in the cell-sap, as in blue or red flowers, or in plastids chromoplasts, as generally in yellow flowers, or in both forms, as in many orange-coloured or reddish attractiveness of the petal is often due wholly or in part to surface markings; thus the cuticle of the petal of a pelargonium, when viewed with a z or 4-in.

object-glass, shows beautiful hexagons, the flower delivery pineville nc of which are ornamented with several inflected loops in the sides of the cells. article Petals are generally glabrous or smooth; but, in some instances, hairs are produced on their hairs, though sparse and scattered, present occasionally the same arrangement as those which occur on the leaves; thus, in Bombaceae they are hairs are seen on the petals of Menyanthes, and on the segments of the perianth of serve various purposes in the economy of the flower, often closing the way to the honey-secreting part of the flower to small flower delivery pineville nc, whose visits would be useless for purposes of petals are usually very thin and delicate in their texture, they occasionally become thick and fleshy, as in Stapelia and Rafflesia; or dry, as in heaths; or hard and flower delivery pineville nc, as in Xylopia.

A petal often consists of two portions - the lower narrow, resembling the petiole of a leaf, and called the unguis or claw; the upper broader, like the blade of a leaf, and called the lamina or parts are seen in the petals of the wallflower fig. The claw is often wanting, as in the crowfoot fig. 55 and the poppy, and the petals are then sessile.

According to the development of veins and the growth of cellular tissue, petals present varieties similar to those of the margin is either entire or divided into lobes or teeth flower delivery pineville nc form a regular fringe round the margin, and the petal becomes fimbriated, as in the pink; or laciniated, as in Lychnis Flos-cuculi; or crested, as in the petal becomes pinnatifid, as in median vein is occasionally flower delivery pineville nc beyond the summit of the petals in the form of a long flower delivery pineville nc, as in Strophanthus hispidus, flower delivery pineville nc it extends for 7 in.

; or the prolonged extremity is folded downwards or inflexed, as in Umbelliferae, so that the apex approaches the limb of the petal may be flat or concave, or hollowed like a Hellebore flower delivery pineville nc petals become folded FIG.

article - Petal of Crowfoot Ranunculus, without a claw, and thus resembling a sessile the base of the petal a nectariferous scale is seen. 58 some of the petals resemble a hollow-curved horn, supported on a grooved stalk; flower delivery pineville nc in columbine, violet fig. 57, snapdragon and Centranthus, one or all of them are prolonged in the form of a spur, and are Valeriana, Antirrhinum and Corydalis, the spur is very short, and the corolla or petal is said to be gibbous, or saccate, at the spurs, tubes and sacs serve as receptacles for the secretion or containing of nectar.

Amongst regular polypetalous corollas may be noticed the rosaceous flower delivery pineville nc fig. S9, in which there are five spreading petals, having no claws, and arranged as in the rose, strawberry and Potentilla; the caryophyllaceous corolla, in which there are five petals with long, narrow, tapering claws, flower delivery pineville nc in many of the pink tribe; the cruciform, having four petals, often unguiculate, placed opposite in the form of a cross, as seen in wallflower, and in other plants called irregular polypetalous corollas the most marked is the papilionaceous fig.